My case "Author1" cite "Author2" by just 2 words. The best carbs for overall health come from whole foods, and added sugars are best avoided. For example, MLA and Chicago style formats both have different paraphrasing requirements. Ogland, C. Our article will be of help as it describes the paper's structure and includes tips on creating intro, body, conclusion, how to paraphrase in an essay.
Sample Essay for Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting
Paraphrasing is expressing the contents of a passage in different words. In other words, before you lay a brick, make sure you know what the house will ultimately look like. To learn this how to paraphrase in an essay, check out my tutorial on essay writing for beginners. The best spot for a paraphrase is usually in the Explanation and Example parts of a body paragraph. This is where you will provide the bulk of your evidence or support. You can paraphrase a passage that will serve to explain a concept or describe a process.
You can also paraphrase specific examples. This is the trickiest part, and let me give you 4 techniques you can use now to complete this step, how to paraphrase in an essay. For example, if the sentence starts with a cause and ends with an effect, start your sentence talking about the effect and then explain the cause. Arm yourself with a thesaurus; this online version work just fine. A thesaurus is like a dictionary, only it provides you with alternatives for word choice. This is similar to technique 1, but in this one you can arrange the original sentence or even the entire passage any way you like, as long as it retains the original meaning.
For example, the original passage may contain general and specific statements located haphazardly. You can arrange the contents of the passage to flow from general to specific. An example of rearranging content within a sentence is to switch from active to passive voice or vice versa. What do I mean by this funny phrase? I mean that if the original sentence is very long, you can chunk it down into two or more sentences. If the passage contains two or more sentences that can be combined, chunk them up into one sentence.
If necessary, use one or more transitions to make it fit in nicely. Here is my tutorial on how to use transitions in an essay. Cutting back on carbs like the added sugars in soft drinks, candy and pastries will cut calories and is great for your overall health. Replacing those carbs with nutrient-rich choices like whole grains, fruits and vegetables will give you the nutrients you need for good health, how to paraphrase in an essay, along with the fuel your body craves to perform at its best. The best carbs for overall health come from whole foods, and added sugars are best avoided. In the first sentence, we used technique 1 — flipping the beginning and the ending of a sentence. The original ends with choosing the right carbs. We begin with it. The next two sentences in the paraphrase are an example of using technique 3 — rearranging content.
We took more general concepts and put them in sentence 2. And sentence 3 is more specific because it provides examples of the ideas in the previous sentence. In the paraphrase, we listed the reasons in sentence 2 and provided examples in sentence 3. This is a good and useful thing to do, particularly so in situations where the number of applicants exceeds the number of openings. To make a flock of important educational decisions, we need to identify our strongest and weakest performing students. scholastic measurement for almost a hundred years. A viable strategy, it is especially useful when applicants outnumber the available openings. Students demonstrating the strongest and weakest performance should be identified in order to enable effective decision-making in education.
First, we flipped the beginning and the ending of the sentence. The paraphrased version feels as if we are reading the original from end to beginning. And in sentence 3, we used technique 3 and switched the sentence from the active voice to the passive voice. You should do this only sparingly. But feel free to switch from the passive to the active voice as often as you want, how to paraphrase in an essay. The active voice is better and more desirable. history curriculum. history continuously struggle to effectively discuss the topic of race, how to paraphrase in an essay. The cause of the how to paraphrase in an essay is not that historians or practitioners cannot see the race-history correlation.
The real challenge is inherent in the way they tell the history. We again used synonyms throughout the passage. And educators are teachers. You can look for such clues in the original passage to come up with your own words and phrases that are synonymous with those used in the original. Next, we used technique 4 in the second sentence of the original passage. This sentence is long and can be easily broken down into two shorter ones. And we used technique 2 again — using synonyms. Americans have overlooked the fundamentals of the process of state development. In sentence 1, we primarily used technique 2 — synonyms. Because the sentence and the passage are really about the history of state formation.
So, who else could be writing the history of the formation of American states if not historians? This is our opportunity to use a new word that is totally correct. And, like in the previous example, sentence 2 in the original is really long and presents us with an opportunity to chunk it down, which is technique 4. We broke this sentence into two. Note that a how to paraphrase in an essay place to break a sentence is at the appearance of the second verb. Another pointer at a good spot to break up a sentence is a conjunction how to paraphrase in an essay a transition. I call these power words because they allow the writer to extend sentences. Nowhere are the affairs and scandals that feed the media machine around the Windsors. How to paraphrase in an essay top gossip in recent years has been a potential marriage between a royal granddaughter and a law school student with a gasp indebted mother.
It is not prone to scandals and controversies, in contrast to the Windsors. The biggest talk of the town lately has been a possible marriage of the princess to a student of law whose mother has a debt. Other than that, you can detect slight changes in wording and phrasing but no major changes in sentence or paragraph structure. This approach works just fine. They may get short-term jobs in the service industry, seek placement in student exchange programs, or apply for university scholarships in Western Europe or the U. And when it comes to young people from teens to people in their thirties, how to paraphrase in an essay, they seem to hardly value high national political ideals. You may have noticed that we used technique 2 — synonyms — throughout the paraphrase.
This is the most widely used technique that works every time. We also chunked down the first sentence because it is a really long one. Summarizing is not a paraphrasing technique per se, so use it with caution when paraphrasing because an important detail may become swallowed how to paraphrase in an essay in the process. Even though she was heavily favored to win the election, according to many political observers, making this declaration severely cost Rousseff support from pivotal voting blocs and was one of the principal factors that led to a runoff election. According to many pundits, although she was strongly positioned to win the race, affirming her position deprived her of crucial voting blocs and eventually resulted in a runoff election.
In this paraphrase, we used techniques 1 and 2. We started both sentences at a point which occurs in the middle of the original sentence. This way, each sentence sounds different. Using synonyms is very powerful in paraphrasing, how to paraphrase in an essay. Tied how to paraphrase in an essay the United States through bilateral military alliance pacts, the two countries not only coordinated their policies toward the communist bloc, but also served as a bulwark against the expansion of the communist Soviets and China, how to paraphrase in an essay. Bound to the United States by two-sided military alliance agreements, the two nations managed their strategy of dealing with the communist countries and acted as a wall of protection from the Soviets and China.
You can achieve a great paraphrased passage just by using synonyms. This becomes especially useful when paraphrasing difficult passages. Using synonyms with the help of a thesaurus can help you get the task done. The average household debt-to-income ratio is the lowest since economy—setting up a virtuous circle of growth. An upward cycle of growth occurs as groceries and petroleum become cheaper and people have more money to spend. economy, has experienced a boost. For the first time, we actually chunked up the first two sentences, which means that we put them together into one. We also used technique 3 to rearrange the order in which parts of the sentence appear. Instead, we focused on chunking up and down and rearranging.
Although the looming requirement that all testing be conducted online has been discussed, the degree to which states are unprepared has not been known, how to paraphrase in an essay. And only five school systems meet the requirements. This is a problem common to most states. Despite the discussions of the online testing requirement, just how well states are prepared is unclear, with only five school systems fulfilling the requirement. We again used chunking up and chunking down in this example. We broke the original sentence 1 into two sentences. And then we chunked up by combining the next two sentences in the original into one. This is one way in which we made our paraphrase dissimilar, which is what we want.
patriotic essay
It can also happen if you fail to properly cite the source of the paraphrase. It highlights any passages that are too similar to another source, even when the structure has been changed or synonyms used. Read more about the best plagiarism checkers for students in our in-depth comparison. However, paraphrasing is not plagiarism if you correctly cite the source. This means including an in-text citation and a full reference, formatted according to your required citation style. As well as citing, make sure that any paraphrased text is completely rewritten in your own words. Accidental plagiarism is one of the most common examples of plagiarism. Perhaps you forgot to cite a source, or paraphrased something a bit too closely. Also consider running your work through a plagiarism checker tool prior to submission, which work by using advanced database software to scan for matches between your text and existing texts.
To avoid plagiarism when summarizing an article or other source, follow these two rules:. My case "Author1" cite "Author2" by just 2 words. May I paraphrase "Author1" but cite "author2", why? Is there useful cases? Or this type citations is restricted? I can't find "author2" original text to cite him straightly. If you can't find the original source, it's acceptable to cite it indirectly, listing the main source "as cited in" the source you found it in. See this FAQ for how to do so in APA Style. So, what is the difference between paraphrasing and summarizing? Do I have to include the page number for both citations? Also, I am just going through and writing academic literature review papers. If I talk about an overall generalization of the literature and what the literature is about do I need to cite that?
Paraphrasing and summarizing are similar; summarizing is just on a larger scale. You'd paraphrase a specific sentence or two, whereas you'd summarize a whole text or long passage. You always need a page number for paraphrasing. When you summarize a whole text, there's no need to include a particular page number, but when it's a specific section or passage from the text, it's still useful to include a page range showing where to find the relevant information in the text. If you're making a broad generalization about the literature as a whole, it may not make sense to include a citation, since what you're saying applies to everything you're covering.
If you're speaking slightly less broadly, for example about the studies that cover a particular topic, it would then make sense to include citations to show which studies you're referring to. Several studies investigate the effects of Facebook use on self-esteem Smith, ; Jones, ; Dane et al. I am not clear on this part of the paraphrasing part in APA. The "para. It's because the source is a website with no page numbers — paragraph numbers are used as an alternative locator to show which part of the text is being paraphrased. You can learn more in our guide to APA in-text citations. Hope that helps! Have a language expert improve your writing. Check your paper for plagiarism in 10 minutes. Do the check. Generate your APA citations for free! Bound to the United States by two-sided military alliance agreements, the two nations managed their strategy of dealing with the communist countries and acted as a wall of protection from the Soviets and China.
You can achieve a great paraphrased passage just by using synonyms. This becomes especially useful when paraphrasing difficult passages. Using synonyms with the help of a thesaurus can help you get the task done. The average household debt-to-income ratio is the lowest since economy—setting up a virtuous circle of growth. An upward cycle of growth occurs as groceries and petroleum become cheaper and people have more money to spend. economy, has experienced a boost. For the first time, we actually chunked up the first two sentences, which means that we put them together into one. We also used technique 3 to rearrange the order in which parts of the sentence appear. Instead, we focused on chunking up and down and rearranging.
Although the looming requirement that all testing be conducted online has been discussed, the degree to which states are unprepared has not been known. And only five school systems meet the requirements. This is a problem common to most states. Despite the discussions of the online testing requirement, just how well states are prepared is unclear, with only five school systems fulfilling the requirement. We again used chunking up and chunking down in this example. We broke the original sentence 1 into two sentences. And then we chunked up by combining the next two sentences in the original into one. This is one way in which we made our paraphrase dissimilar, which is what we want. We also used synonyms, which are, as you know, the main and most common technique used in paraphrasing:. Note that the last two items are transitions.
Transitions can be used as splice points to either chunk up or chunk down, as we did in this example. Abrams, S. The emergence of district social media managers. District Administration, 48 7 , Green, C. Michigan Law Review, 1 , Ogland, C. Religion and attitudes toward abortion and abortion policy in Brazil. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50 4 , Popham, W. The right test for the wrong reason. Phi Delta Kappan, 96 1 , Rochester, A. An African American and Latinx history of the United States. Smith, A. Economy: Leader of the pack. You, C. Loss aversion and risk-seeking in Korea-Japan relations. Journal of East Asian Studies, 20 1 , Your email address will not be published.
Currently you have JavaScript disabled. However, simple, clear and concise vocabulary is always desired. How to paraphrase correctly: Basic rules First, reread the original text until you grasp deep concept and theme. Secondly, it is prudent to set aside the original and draft a paraphrase on a note card. Most importantly, jot down key words below the draft paraphrase to remind you later how you visualize using the material. Indicating the subject is key in such a process. Then compare your rendition to original text for the purpose of ensuring your version concisely depicts all the essential information though in a new form.
Sparingly, use quotation marks to show what is borrowed directly. Finally, recording the source information like the page number is inevitable for the purpose of crediting it easily the paraphrased essay. Tips on how to paraphrase Paraphrasing should be restricted to the parts of the text relevant to the purpose of the essay. Paraphrasing all the texts is insensible. Refrain from word to word copying from the original text. Remain relevant to the meaning and theme of the original texts. Some writers are likely to distort the initial meaning of the text.
Most importantly the writers should not add new concepts to the source material while writing the paraphrase. If you must quote, then do it sparingly. However, it would be important to avoid including quotes on the paraphrased text. For the purpose of reminding the audience that you are paraphrasing, the inclusion of tags is important to give precise direction. Finally, the writer should continuously revise the paraphrased to eliminate the chances of plagiarism. The paraphrased text should have unique sentence structure and word order.
Tips on revision Check whether you interjected your views and concepts contrary to what was presented in the original text. Check whether you distorted, changed the meaning or the intent of the original text. The intended meaning of the original passage should remain clear in the paraphrased text. Check whether you leave out or omit significant information. The writer should also check whether he or she quoted large sections that could be rephrased further. The writer should also check whether he or she presented the paraphrased material as his or her original work. The grammatical check could also be done to confirm the usage of quotation marks, commas and the capitalization in the text. Example of paraphrasing Original passage The chronically ill are by no means confined to hospitals or other institutions.
Example of strong paraphrase The patients with lifetime conditions are not restricted to the hospital facilities. Example of weak paraphrasing According to Anderson perception, chronically ill patients are not restricted to the wards. Composing a reflective essay about an event?
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